Analisis Lingkungan Fisik Rumah, pada Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Wilayah Puskesmas Sawah Lebar Kota Bengkulu

MARDHATHIILAH, BETA AMELIA and Mulyati, Sri (2026) Analisis Lingkungan Fisik Rumah, pada Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Wilayah Puskesmas Sawah Lebar Kota Bengkulu. Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu.

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Abstract

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Penyakit ini ditularkan oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang perkembangbiakannya dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan fisik rumah. Faktor lingkungan seperti suhu, kelembapan, pencahayaan, ventilasi, penggunaan kawat kasa, dan kondisi tempat penampungan air dapat memengaruhi keberadaan vektor DBD. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi lingkungan fisik rumah pada penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sawah Lebar Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan objek penelitian sebanyak 18 rumah penderita DBD. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan pengukuran langsung menggunakan Humidity Meter HTC-1, Lux Meter, Roll Meter, serta lembar checklist observasi. Data diperoleh dianalisis secara univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi untuk menggambarkan kondisi masing-masing variabel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh rumah responden (100%) memiliki suhu dan kelembapan yang tidak memenuhi syarat berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023. Pada variabel pencahayaan, sebagian besar rumah tidak memenuhi syarat, yaitu ruang tamu sebesar 84%, kamar 85%, dan dapur 86%. Seluruh rumah responden (100%) memiliki ukuran ventilasi yang tidak memenuhi syarat. Penggunaan kawat kasa yang memenuhi syarat ditemukan pada 14 rumah (78%), sedangkan 4 rumah (22%) tidak memenuhi syarat. Kondisi tempat penampungan air sebagian besar berada dalam kategori baik, yaitu 16 rumah (88,9%), 2 rumah (11,1%) dalam kategori kurang baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi lingkungan fisik rumah penderita DBD di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sawah Lebar Kota Bengkulu masih belum memenuhi standar kesehatan lingkungan, terutama pada aspek suhu, kelembapan, pencahayaan, dan ventilasi sehingga berpotensi mendukung perkembangan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Kata Kunci: Demam Berdarah Dengue, lingkungan fisik rumah (suhu, kelembapan, pencahayaan, ventilasi). ABSTRACK Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains one of the major public health problems in Indonesia. This disease is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, whose breeding and survival are influenced by the physical environmental conditions of houses. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, lighting, ventilation, the use of wire screens, and the condition of water storage containers can affect the presence of DHF vectors. This study aimed to analyze the physical environmental conditions of houses of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) patients in the working area of Sawah Lebar Public Health Center, Bengkulu City. This study employed a descriptive research design with 18 houses of DHF patients as the research objects. Data were collected through direct observation and measurements using a HTC-1 Humidity Meter, Lux Meter, Roll Meter, and an observation checklist. The collected data were analyzed using univariate analysis and presented in the form of frequency distribution tables to describe each research variable. The results showed that all respondents' houses (100%) had temperature and humidity levels that did not meet the standards set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation (Permenkes) Number 2 of 2023. Regarding lighting conditions, most houses failed to meet the required standards, with non-compliance rates of 84% in living rooms, 85% in bedrooms, and 86% in kitchens. All respondents' houses (100%) also had ventilation sizes that did not meet the required standards. Adequate use of wire screens was found in 14 houses (78%), while 4 houses (22%) did not meet the requirements. The condition of water storage containers was generally categorized as good in 16 houses (88.9%), whereas 2 houses (11.1%) were categorized as poor. It can be concluded that the physical environmental conditions of houses occupied by DHF patients in the working area of Sawah Lebar Public Health Center, Bengkulu City, generally did not meet environmental health standards, particularly in terms of temperature, humidity, lighting, and ventilation. These conditions may contribute to the breeding and survival of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), physical housing environment (temperature, humidity, lighting, ventilation).

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