The Relationship Between Exposure To Cigarette Smoke In The Environment Against The Incidence Of Anemia In Pregnant Women At The Beringin Raya City Health Center Bengkulu Year 2026

DEWI, MELA APRIANA and Elly, Nur and Annuril, Kheli Fitria (2026) The Relationship Between Exposure To Cigarette Smoke In The Environment Against The Incidence Of Anemia In Pregnant Women At The Beringin Raya City Health Center Bengkulu Year 2026. Diploma thesis, Bengkulu Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health.

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Abstract

Background: Anemia in pregnant women is still a health problem that can increase the risk of complications for both mother and fetus. Exposure to secondhand smoke is thought to be associated with the incidence of anemia because the carbon monoxide content and toxic substances in cigarette smoke can affect hemoglobin levels during pregnancy. Objective: To determine the relationship between exposure to cigarette smoke in the environment and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at the Beringin Raya Health Center, Bengkulu City. Methods: This study is an observational quantitative research with a case control design. The sample consisted of 60 respondents consisting of 30 pregnant women with anemia as the case group and 30 pregnant women with no anemia as the control group. The sampling technique in the case group used total sampling, while the control group used simple random sampling. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test, Fisher's Exact Test, and Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence level. Results: There was a significant relationship between exposure to cigarette smoke in the household environment and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women (p=0.000). Pregnant women who were exposed to secondhand smoke in the household environment had a 13-fold greater risk of developing anemia than those who were not exposed (OR=13,000; 95% CI=3,551–47,597). In addition, there was a significant relationship between exposure to cigarette smoke in the social environment and the incidence of anemia (p=0.026). Pregnant women who were exposed to cigarette smoke in a social environment had a 10.5-fold greater risk of developing anemia than those who were not exposed (OR=10.545; 95% CI=1.227–90.662). Conclusion: Exposure to cigarette smoke in the household and social environment is significantly related to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women and increases the risk of anemia during pregnancy.

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